Process of producing alloy steels.



PATENT OFFICE.

IBYRAMJI I). SAKLATWALLA, OF GRAFTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

PROCESS OF PRODUCINGzfALLOY STEELS.

1,119,643. Specification of No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, BYRAMJI D. SAKLAT- wanna, of Grafton, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Producing Alloy Steels; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to the production of alloy-steels containing one or more of the following alloying elements, namely, nickel,

cgbalt, chromium, manganese, tungst'e'rifii? nadium, molybdenum, "titanium, uranium, and the liker One object of my present invention is to provide a method of producing alloy steels, directlyfrom raw materials containing such alloying elements, without the necessity of reducing such raw materials to the metallic state, either in the form of ferro-alloy or pure metal before mixing such alloying ele ments with the steel.

Another object of my present invention is to provide a method of producing alloy .isteels without introducing another nude ducing alloy steel are based on the addition 30f the alloying element in a metallic state, either as ferr ;a lloy' r pure metal, to the finished steel; Thisprocedure, besides entailing the expenditure of manufacturing a sirable element, such as carbon with the alloying element, into the steel.

A further object is to provide a method whereby alloy steels could be produced with a higher degree of efficiency, reducing the usual loss of the alloying element.

The processes now in general use for pro-- ferroalloy or pure metal, has the further disadvantage of carrying into the steel a quantity of the reducing agent, such as carbon or aluminum, used for the production of such ferro-alloy or metal, and which is invariably present in it. Further by this method of procedure a loss of the alloying elementis experienced, first during the process of manufacturing the ferro-alloy or pure metal and then during its introduction into the finished steel, so that the amount of the element or elements entering into the steel is a very small percentage of the total amount originally present in the raw mate rial. My present invention obviates these defects in as much as it reduces the alloying Application filed April 30,

Letter P n PatentedDec. 1,1914.

1913. Serial No. 764,725.

element from raw materials directly in the body of the finished steel, thus avoiding intermediate losses. Further, I use a reduclng agent, namely silicon, which is always used as a deoxidizer in the manufacture of the alloy steels justbefore the addition of the ferro-alloy or pure metal, and, therefore, does not introduce any new factor, such as 'increased carbon or presence of aluminum,

in the composition of the finished steel.

My improved process is carried out substantially as follows: The raw material containing the alloying elements, generally in the form of an oxid, and cprnsigtingsof ansnre. 70 or product of a previous metallurgical operation, after being pulverized, is mixed with ground silicon metal on ferro;silicon or other silicon bearing material and pressed into briquets. For examplgirithe manufactur 5 of nickel steel, nickel oxid, obtained b l roasting the matt'e, is mixed with approxi,; mately two tljiid's its weight of 50 per cent'r'i fei'i'o-siliggn, ground to betweenftil) and 8 mesh ne, and one-third its weight of steel 3 f j I turnings. To this mixture is added half the; V i

silicic acid formed during the reductionli 'g5 The whole isstlier i niiixedand formed into briquets in the; ordinary press. These briquets are charged in an open-hearth furnaee a little before tzippingtli lieatbfsteel to which the nickel is intended to be added. o In case of some oxids a binderfeonsistingof silicate of soda should b'e" added for the purmidueting. In certain cases where l the action of the slag on the briquets would be great on ac'colunt o fits chemical compo-k5 sition it has been found advantageous to press the mixture into a protective container" which mlay consist ofan ordinary steel can. a The suggestion of the use of briquets', eonsisting of a mixturlerof uca bonwith anoxi of the alloyipg el ementfior similar purpose is not new, but the practical carrying out o the i dah as up to now been impossible;

owing to the low specific gravity of suchi;

briquets, which would cause them to floatiLO S specific gravity of the briquets can be fura ther increased, to any desired degree, by mixing steel turni' gs "ivitli the briqueting Briquets obtained by the above described method are introduced into a molten charge of steel, eith er iii an open-hearth furnace, crucible, "or d e. The briquets sink through thelayer of molten slag covering the metal, so that the reaction between the ferro-silicon and oxid, present in the briquet, takes place in the bath of metal, and not on the top of the molten slag, so that the alloying element reduced to the metallic state by the silicon ismostadvantageously absorbed by the steel.

sisting in reducing the steel to a molten mass, and then introducing into said mass, a

body consisting of unreduced alloying material, a silicon-bearing reducing agent, and

flux, said body so introduced having such specific gravity as will cause the same to sink through the layer of molten slag.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

BYRAMJ I D. SAKLATW'ALLA.

Witnesses:

H. P. MECKLEY, K. K. MCMAHON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, II. C. 

